Kugeza ubu ikintu gihangayikishije abatuye isi kurusha ibindi ni urupfu. Kuva ku bakire bagafashe kugeza ku mutindi nyakujya babaho ubuzima butandukanye ariko bose bagahurira ahantu hamwe, ariho mu mva. Ubu bwoba bwuko ikiremwamuntu gifite igihe ntarengwa ku isi bwatumye abakire batandukanye ndetse n’ibigo bikomeye ku isi birimo nka Google ubu batangiye gushora imari nyinshi cyane mubushakashatsi bugamije kubona umuti w’urupfu.
Gusa ubushakashatsi ntibuborohera kuko bahura n’imbogamizi nyinshi cyane nkuko bigenda no mu bundi bushakashatsi bunyuranye. Ingingo yo kubaho iteka kukiremwamuntu si ubwa mbere ivuzwe, ahubwo hashize imyaka ibihumbi ikorwaho ubushakashatsi ariko kugeza nubu nta gisubizo gifatika barabona. Ubu bushakashatsi rero impamvu butajya buhagarara nubwo ntacyo bugeraho byose biterwa n’ubwoba abatuye isi bafitiye urupfu.
Kuriyi nshuro rero tugiye kubereka bimwe mubiri gukorwa ndetse naho mwene ubu bushakashatsi bugeze ku ngingo yuko ikiremwamuntu cyatsinda urupfu burundu. Sibyo gusa kandi kuko turabereka n’intera ikomeye imaze kugerwaho kuburyo hariho amahirwe menshi yuko mu myaka micye iri imbere kubaho iteka bizaba bishoboka. Igitekerezo cyo kubaho iteka rero ntikijya kiva mu mitwe ya benshi ndetse vubaha bishobora kuzakunda binyuze mu nzira zinyuranye ari nazo tugiye kureba.
Nkubu muri kaminuza yo muri America yitwa Northwestern University abashakashatsi baho bakoze ubuhanga bwo kwica (gusinziriza) uturemangingo dutuma umubiri w’umuntu usaza, icyakora ibi ntibirakorerwa kubantu ahubwo byakorewe kudusimba tumwe na tumwe turimo nk’iminyorogoto. Nubwo wenda hakiri intambwe nini yo gukorera ubu bushakashatsi kubantu ariko byibuze iki n’igitekerezo kigaragaza neza ko mu minsi micye bishobora kuzakunda ko ikiremwamuntu gitsinda urupfu.
Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe bugatanga ikizere ko umuntu ashobora kuzabaho iteka muminsi micye, naho bafashe imbeba ishaje cyane bakayitera amaraso y’imbeba ikiri akana maze bigatuma ya mbeba ishaje isubirana ubuzima bw’igihe kirekire, ibi rero abahanga batekereza ko bishobora gukorwa no kukiremwamuntu kandi ko mugihe byakunda yaba ari intambwe ikomeye yo gutsinda urupfu. Iyi ngingo yo yanashyigikiwe n’ibigo bikomeye ndetse bikize cyane ku isi.
Kuri ubu amafaranga menshi cyane ari gushorwa muri ubu bushakashatsi bwo kubaho ubuziraherezo ndetse harimo n’ibikomerezwa bizwi cyane kuri ubu byamaze gushoramo agatubutse. Bamwe muribo harimo nka:
Aba bakire rero bemeje neza ko imwe mumpamvu yatumye bajya mubushakashatsi bwo gushaka umuti watuma ikiremwamuntu kibaho iteka ari ukubera ko bafite ubwoba bwo gusaza kandi uko gusaza ariko kubaganisha ku rupfu. Niyo mpamvu rero ngo barajwe ishinga no kubona umuti wabatsindira urupfu.
Aubrey de Grey wanditse igitabo “Ending Aging” mu mwaka wa 2007, ari gukora ibishoboka byose ngo urupfu arusibe mubigize ubuzima bwa muntu. Ubu bushakashatsi ari kubukora yibanze kubintu birindwi birimo: uburyo indwara ya kanseri ibaho, uburyo umubiri wacu ukora imbaraga, intungamubiri zipfa ubusa mu mubiri w’umuntu, uturemangingo tw’umuntu dupfa ariko ntidusimburwe, uturemangingo tw’umuntu tutabasha kwibyaramo utundi twinshi, izi ngingo zose rero ngo namara kuzihuza ndetse akazisobanukirwa neza bizamuha inzira ya bugufi yo gutsinda urupfu mu buzima bw’ikiremwamuntu.
Kugira ngo wemere neza ko urupfu barugeze kure nuko wahera kuri za filimi zikinwa, ibitabo byandikwa, ibiganiro kuri za televiziyo ndetse n’ingingo zimwe na zimwe z’ubushakashatsi zihora zibivugaho. Icyakora umuhanga umwe witwa “Wolfganga Fink” we yavuze ko uburyo bufatika bwo gutsinda urupfu ari uguhangana no gusaza kw’ikiremwamuntu. Avuga ko kugira ngo urupfu ruve mu buzima bwa muntu aruko twabanza tugahangana n’uturemangingo dutuma umubiri w’umuntu usaza. Muri macye bemeza ko umuntu ashobora gukura ariko ntagere mu kiciro cy’ubusaza ndetse ko aribwo buryo bworoshye bwo gutsinda urupfu.
Dore uburyo butanu bumaze gushyirwa hanze, buzafasha umuntu kudapfa kandi bikaba mu gihe cya vuba.
Gukora umusemburo wo kudapfa: bavuga ko uyu musemburo ushobora gukorwa nkuko nindi miti yose ikorwa. Uyu umaze gukorwa ngo ushobora kuzajya uterwa mu mubiri w’umuntu maze ikibazo cy’urupfu kikaba kivuye mu nzira
Gukora abantu (cloning): abasanzwe babizi barabyumva neza, ubu nuburyo ngo bazajya bakora ibice by’umubiri byo gusana umuntu wangiritse, wapfa ijisho hakaba harakozwe irindi.
Iyi ngingo inagera kure kuko muri cloning habamo no gufata agace gato ku mubiri w’umuntu maze bagakoramo undi umeze nkawe, uwo muntu wakozwe rero kuko yaba akoze mu ikoranabuhanga ntabwo yazigera apfa kuko nta turemangingo tumusajisha aba afite.
Kubika imirambo: ubu buryo nabwo buzwi nka cryogenicss, bukubiyemo kubika imirambo ahantu habugenewe kuburyo imara imyaka myinshi cyane.
Bemeza ko ibi bizabafasha mu gihe hazaba habonetse igisubizo cyo gutsinda urupfu, kuko bazahita bazura ya mirambo y’abapfuye ikagaruka mu buzima.
Kubika ubwonko bwawe muri mudasobwa: ubu buryo bwo buzwi nka “cyber brain” bemeza ko ubu bushobora gukorwa kuburyo wowe nutangira gusaza bazajya bafata ibitekerezo byawe bakabishyira kuri mudasobwa, bivuze ko wowe umaze gupfa ubwonko bwawe buzakomeza gutekereza hifashishijwe mudasobwa (computer) ndetse nta gihe cyo gusaza ubu bwonko buzaba bufite ahubwo buzahoraho nubwo umubiri uzaba utakiriho. Umushinga uzwi nka “Russia 2045” niwo ushyigikiye cyane ubu bushakashatsi ndetse bemeza ko mu myaka 17 iri imbere ibi bizashoboka.
Gusaba uturemangingo: ikoranabuhanga rizwi nka nanotechnology riri gutera imbere cyane kandi ryifashishwa mubice byose birimo n’ubuvuzi.
Aha bizakorwa bafata ibice by’umuntu bishaje bakabisimbuza ibindi bishya byakorewe muruganda, kuburyo umubiri w’umuntu uzahora ari mushya. Ibi rero ngo bikazatuma umubiri w’umuntu utongera guhura n’urupfu burundu.
Icyakora nanone mbere yuko dukomeza kwibanda kubikinwa muri filimi, reka tunagaruke kuri bimwe mu bibera ku isi dutuye. Tugarutse ku mugabo wavuzwe cyane witwa “Dashi Dorzho Itigilov, uyu yavutse mu 1852 ndetse akaba ari umu monk. Bivugwa ko uyu mugabo nanubu akiriho muriyi myaka yose ishize kuko ngo mu gihe cye cyo gupfa yagiye mu kizwi nka deep meditation, uyu ngo bizwi ko yapfuye ariko mubyukuri sibyo kuko mu myaka irenga 70 ishize bibaye nanubu umubiri we ngo uracyameze neza nkuko isuzuma ryakozwe muri 2007 ryabitangaje.
Uyu ngo yabwiye aba monk bagenzi be kwitegura imihango yo kumushyingura kuko we yavugaga ko yumva neza ko agiye gupfa, gusa yaricaye muburyo bicaramo bameze nk’abari gusenga bategereza ko ahaguruka cyangwa ngo agwe hasi baraheba kugeza imyaka isaga 70 nta kimenyetso cyerekana ko umubiri wangiritseho na gato. Benshi rero bibaza ko uyu ari mu cyiciro cyo kuzima (state of hibernation/Nirvana State). Aha ni mugihe umuntu aba atapfuye atari na muzima ari hagati yibyo bibiri.
Ese wowe iyi ngingo uyitekerezaho iki? Wizera ko abashakashatsi koko bashobora kuzatubonera umuti w’urupfu?
