Iyo ukurikiranye amakuru ya Repubulika ya demokarasi ya Congo bakubwira ko kuva yabona ubwigenge nta munsi numwe yigeze ibaho itekanye byuzuye. Gusa ibintu byaje gukomera kurushaho mu myaka ya 1996-1997 ubwo Mobutu Sese Seko waruyoboye icyo gihugu igihe kinini yakurwaga ku butegetsi.
Repubulika ya demokarasi ya Congo ni igihugu gitunze imitungo kamere itandukanye kuva munsi y’ubutaka, mu mazi ndetse no ku butaka hejuru. Uku kugira iyi mitungo rero kandi icyenerwa n’ibihugu byinshi ku isi kandi by’ibihangange ni bimwe mu byatumye iki gihugu gisabikwa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ibarirwa muri za mirongo ndetse nindi mishya ikagenda ivuka umunsi kuwundi. Icyakora kuriyi nshuro tugiye kubabwira ku ibuye rishya ridasanzwe rigiye gutuma Congo igira ibibazo bishya kandi bikanganye bigendanye n’umutekano mucye.
Iyo wumvise ijambo Lithium abize ibijyanye n’ubutabire bo babyumva mbere, gusa nutarize byanze bikunze iri jambo ashobora kurimenya muburyo bumwe cyangwa ubundi. Nufata bateri ya telephone yawe uzabonaho ryanditseho ngo Lithium-Ion cyangwa Li-Ion, ntagushidikanya uzahite umenya ko utunze igikoresho kirimo iri buye lithium.
Iyi lithium rero ubu iri mu bikoresho biyoboye ku isi kuko ni ibuye bivugwa ko vubaha rishobora no kuzasimbura peteroli (oil). Ndabizi benshi ntibari buhite bumva uburyo ibuye ry’agaciro ryakora akazi ka peteroli nukuntu ikenerwa buri munsi ku isi hose.
Ariko ndagira ngo nkubwire ko bitewe nukuntu ibikoresho byinshi bikoresha peteroli ubu bigiye gusimbuzwa ibikoresha, amashanyarazi, lithium iri ku mwanya wa mbere mu bikenerwa cyane ngo hakorwe bateri zikoreshwa uyu munsi. Lithium kuri uyu munsi niyo iri kwifashishwa mu gukora bateri z’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, izi modoka nizo ziri gukwirakwizwa ku isi hose ndetse ibihugu byinshi byamaze kwiyemezako muri 2030 nta modoka ikoresha peteroli bizaba bigitumiza.
Gusa iyi lithium inakoreshwa mu bindi bintu byinshi bigezweho birimo nka bateri zikoreshwa mu byuma bitanga amashanyarazi aturuka ku muyaga, ibyuma bitanga amashyarazi aturuka ku zuba ndetse lithium inakoreshwa mu bikoresho byinshi by’ikoranabuhanga turi kubona uyu munsi.
Biturutse rero ku kuntu isi iri gukenera imbaraga cyane ariko zitangiza ibidukikije lithium igiye kuba ikintu ngenderwaho mu myaka igiye kuza mu buzima bwa buri munsi, ibi byose nukubera ko iri buye ryifashishwa mu bikoresho hafi ya byose dukeneye uyu munsi. Kuva muri 2021 ikoreshwa rya lithium ryiyongereye ku kigero cya 832% ndetse byitezwe ko bizakomeza kuzamuka, kuri ubu igihugu cy’Ubushinwa nicyo cya mbere kiri gutunganya ndetse no gukoresha lithium nyinshi ku isi dore ko irenga 50 ku ijana iri gukoreshwa ku isi kuri ubu iri guturuka muricyi gihugu.
Ndabizi ubu benshi baracyari kwibaza aho biri guhurira na Congo.
Repubulika ya demokarasi ya congo ibarirwa mu bihugu bitanu bya nyuma bikennye ku isi, ubukungu bwayo ahanini bushingiye ku buhinzi, ishoramari ndetse no kohereza hanze amabuye y’agaciro. Nyamara nubwo aruko bimeze Congo nicyo gihugu cya mbere gitanga cobalt nyinshi ku isi, uretse iyo kiri no mubya mbere bitanga umusaruro mwinshi wa coltan, copper (cuivre) ndetse nandi mabuye menshi y’agaciro. Nubwo Congo ubu itaratangira gutanga lithium ku isoko mpuzamahanga ariko ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko DRCongo aricyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi gifite ububiko bunini ku isi lithium itarakorwaho munsi y’ubutaka.
Kuri ubu ibihugu byinshi bishaka kuzana kompanyi zicukura zikanatunganya lithium muri Congo, uku guhangana bashaka isoko kw’ibihugu rutura rero bishobora kuzazana intambara ikomeye muriki gihugu mu gihe isoko rishobora guhabwa igihugu kimwe ikindi kikaribura. Sibyo gusa kandi kuko na leta ya Congo ishaka ko muriki gihugu hubakwa uruganda rutunganya lithium kuburyo bashobora no kuzajya bikorera bateri ku butaka bwa Congo.
Urugamba rero naha ruzahita rukomerera kuko mu gihe Congo yashikama kuri uyu mwanzuro bishobora kutazayorohera ndetse banareba nabi n’ubutegetsi bufite icyo gitekerezo bugahinduka mu maguru mashya.
